OT Canon
The Bible in Jesus’ Day
Jewish people often refer to their Bible as the Tanakh. This is an acrostic for the Torah (Law), Nevi’im (Prophets), and Ketuvim (Writings) which we have summarized the past 3 weeks. This Tanakh was the Bible in Jesus’ day. Two questions emerge: Why only these books? How were the books utilized?
Identifying the Canon in Jesus’ Day
Were there other “Jewish” books?
1. There are over 20 other books mentioned in the OT
~ The Book of Jasher (Joshua 10:13, 2 Samuel 1:18)
~ The Book of the Wars of the Lord (Numbers 21:14)
~ Kingly Annals (ie: 1 Chron. 29:29, 2 Chron. 9:29)
2. There were numerous other books quoted in the NT
~ Book of Enoch (quoted in Jude 1:14-15)
~ Assumption of Moses (quoted in Rom. 1:25, 9:16)
~ Sirach (quoted James 1:19, Luke 1:52, etc)
3. There were other books found at Qumran
~ 1 Enoch, Jubilees, Tobit, etc.
4. There were books written Post-Prophetic Succession
“From Artaxerxes (465-423) to our own time a detailed record as been made, but this has not been thought worthy of equal credit with the earlier records because there has not been since then the exact succession of prophets” (Josephus, 1st Century Jewish Historian)
Why weren’t these books considered canonical?
Were any canonical books still being disputed?
Interpreting the Canon in Jesus’ Day
“The church’s use of those writings was based on Jesus’ use of them: as his followers searched them further, they discovered increasingly ‘in all the scriptures the things concerning himself’ (Luke 24:27). The Old Testament, as Christians in due course came to call these writings, was a book about Jesus. Here was the church’s Bible. Here was the Bible of the Jewish people also; but so differently did the two communities read the same writings that, for practical purposes, they might have been using two different Bible instead of sharing one.”
~ F.F. Bruce
How could the Old Testament be about Jesus when He is never even mentioned in the Old Testament?
1. He fulfilled the Law as a perfect man and as the anti-type to the many types/shadows in the ceremonial system.
2. He fulfilled the Prophets as the presence of the long awaited Messiah figure
3. He fulfilled the Writings as the divine Logos and as the Wisdom from God (John 1:1, 1 Cor. 1:30)
Jewish people often refer to their Bible as the Tanakh. This is an acrostic for the Torah (Law), Nevi’im (Prophets), and Ketuvim (Writings) which we have summarized the past 3 weeks. This Tanakh was the Bible in Jesus’ day. Two questions emerge: Why only these books? How were the books utilized?
Identifying the Canon in Jesus’ Day
Were there other “Jewish” books?
1. There are over 20 other books mentioned in the OT
~ The Book of Jasher (Joshua 10:13, 2 Samuel 1:18)
~ The Book of the Wars of the Lord (Numbers 21:14)
~ Kingly Annals (ie: 1 Chron. 29:29, 2 Chron. 9:29)
2. There were numerous other books quoted in the NT
~ Book of Enoch (quoted in Jude 1:14-15)
~ Assumption of Moses (quoted in Rom. 1:25, 9:16)
~ Sirach (quoted James 1:19, Luke 1:52, etc)
3. There were other books found at Qumran
~ 1 Enoch, Jubilees, Tobit, etc.
4. There were books written Post-Prophetic Succession
“From Artaxerxes (465-423) to our own time a detailed record as been made, but this has not been thought worthy of equal credit with the earlier records because there has not been since then the exact succession of prophets” (Josephus, 1st Century Jewish Historian)
Why weren’t these books considered canonical?
Were any canonical books still being disputed?
Interpreting the Canon in Jesus’ Day
“The church’s use of those writings was based on Jesus’ use of them: as his followers searched them further, they discovered increasingly ‘in all the scriptures the things concerning himself’ (Luke 24:27). The Old Testament, as Christians in due course came to call these writings, was a book about Jesus. Here was the church’s Bible. Here was the Bible of the Jewish people also; but so differently did the two communities read the same writings that, for practical purposes, they might have been using two different Bible instead of sharing one.”
~ F.F. Bruce
How could the Old Testament be about Jesus when He is never even mentioned in the Old Testament?
1. He fulfilled the Law as a perfect man and as the anti-type to the many types/shadows in the ceremonial system.
2. He fulfilled the Prophets as the presence of the long awaited Messiah figure
3. He fulfilled the Writings as the divine Logos and as the Wisdom from God (John 1:1, 1 Cor. 1:30)
posted by matthew at 10:50 AM
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